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Geographic Information Systems (GIS)


Dr. Bill Bushing has worked with GIS since its early days in the late 1960's when he assisted in a research project at Harvard University to map ancient ocean currents in a study of the paleo-biogeography of marine echinoderms. Back then IBM punchcards and mainframe computers were used to print "beautiful" maps consisting of x's, o's and other ASCII characters.

In 1990 Dr. Bill began developing a comprehensive GIS for the Santa Catalina Island Conservancy for use in their ecological, facilities, recreation and other management programs. Hundreds of data layers were developed using manual digitization and later GPS (global positioning system) technology.


Dr. Bill also served as a consultant for the City of Avalon's Planning Department in setting up the data for their GIS and training department personnel in how to use it.

For an examples of how Dr. Bill has applied GIS technologies to marine and terrestrial ecological questions, please look at one of the following papers:

MARINE APPLICATIONS

TERRESTRIAL APPLICATIONS



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